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Seminar Topics (ECE)
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:42
WirelessHD is an effort of the consortium led mainly by LG , Matsushita, NEC, Samsung, SiBEAM, Sony and Toshiba to define a standard for the next generation wireless digital network interface specification for wireless high-definition signal transmission for consumer electronics products and they intend to finalize on one standard by spring 2007. The WirelessHD (WiHD) is designed and optimized for wireless display connectivity thereby achieving high-speed rates from 2 Gbit/s to 5 Gbit/s for the CE, PC, and portable device segments in its first generation implementation. This standard aids in uncompressed, digital transmission of HD video and audio signals, making it like wireless HDMI, in theory. data rates as high as 20 Gbit/s (compared to 10.2-Gbit/s for HDMI 1.3)are possible with its core technology, permitting it to scale to higher resolutions, color depth, and range.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:41
Having both the standard and high definition data content in the MPEG-2 format, the D-VHS digital video format was first introduced by JVC with the support of Hitachi, Matsushita and Philips. The format first used in 1998 employs the same physical cassette format and recording mechanism as VHS. Released in the UK as JVC D-VHS deck, the instrument became very popular with domestic video recordings. The instrument best known as a digital recorder for traditional analog inputs such as domestic analog TV and digiboxes for digital broadcasts was not a bitstream recorder, although it did have a DV input. Using the deck, high quality and cost effective pictures were recorded from D-VHS to S-VHS tapes. The biggest short coming of this D-VHS tape where the D stands for data was the lack of a DV output and RGB input via the SCART connector (PAL territories only as the NTSC versions had component outputs). Though became a huge hit among the domestic users, it failed to compete with its successors like the DVD and the HDD in the wholesale video market.
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:39
Developed by McDonnell-Douglas in 1984, the laser filmisa transmissive laser based playbackmedium. Working on the topology that laser has to shine through one side of the disc to a receiving sensor on the other side, where the beam of the laser would be interrupted by a spiral of small dots on the disc,which can then modulate the laser beam to represent the video and audio information, which was then interpreted by the receiving sensor receiving the beam on the other side Made of the ordinary photographic film, similar to the Selectavision CED videodisc system, this wasn’t successfully marketed by McDonnell-Douglas, thesole manufacturer of the laser film player. Having originated from ARDEV, which was originally a subsidiary of Atlantic Richfield until 1981, this format is usually employed in flight stimulators.
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:37
Television systems that have a resolution that meets standards but not considered high definition, this is what Standard-definition television or SDTV refers to. This usually refers to digital television, especially while broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems. In ATSC, SDTV can be broadcast in 704 pixels × 480 lines with 16:9 aspect ratio (40:33 rectangular pixel), 704 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 aspect ratio (10:11 rectangular pixel) or 640 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 ratio (and square pixels). The refresh rate can be 24, 30 or 60 pictures per second. Digital SDTV in 4:3 aspect ratio has the same form as the regular analogue TV (NTSC, PAL, PAL2, SECAM) excluding the ghosting, snowy images and static noises but however with poor reception one may encounter various other artifacts such as blockiness and stuttering. Though ATSC and ISDB were originally developed for HDTV, they later proved their ability to deliver multiple SD video and audio streams via multiplexing, than to use the entire bit stream for one HD channel.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:34
Artificial Neural Networks commonly referred to as ‘Neural Networks’ is a new branch of AI, that enabled a crude simulation of the structure of human brain electronically or in software. The inherent properties of human brain enable it to analyze complex patterns consisting of a number of elements, those individually reveal little of the total pattern, yet collectively represent easily recognizable objects. The concepts of Neural Networks have been motivated right from its inception, by the recognition that the human brain computes in an entirely different way from the conventional digital computers. The brain modeling techniques opens a new era of Computer System that learns, from experience and uses its experiential knowledge next time. This biologically inspired method is being touted as the wave of the future in computing, relieving the programmer from the cubicle of traditional algorithmic problem solving. Inherent non-linearity property of Neural Networks makes it particularly suitable in many signal-processing applications like sound, image processing etc.
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:31
Display devices form an important group of devices in the electro industry. With the evolution of high definition TV (HDTV), video conferencing and other advancements in video applications, their importance is increasing. Traditionally cathode ray tubes (CRTs) are used in display devices. But the industry is searching for devices with high resolution and fill ratios that cannot be achieved in CRTs. LCDs can be use an alternative but they are not cost effective. An entirely new type of devices based on Grating Light Valve technology solves all the problems concerning resolution, fill ratio, cost, size and consumption. In addition to this GLV devices can provide digital gray scale and color reproduction. The GLV technology is based on micro electromechanical system (ME technology and can be manufactured using mainstream IC fabrication technology. providing controlled diffraction of incident light, a GLV device will produce bright dark (or even coloured) pixels in a display system. The seminar should cover, 1. Fundamental concepts 2. Architecture of GLV 3. Controlling the GLV device 4.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 28 August, 2009 - 22:23
Holographic associative memory can be considered as a type of artifical neural network, which is having close association with the family of analog, correlation-based, stimulus-responsive memories. In Holographic associative memory, the information is mapped on to the phase orientation of complex numbers operating. The ability of holographs in carrying out effective associative memory tasks, generalization and pattern recognition with changeable attention has given holographic memory the cutting edge over others. Natural memory has the capacity for dynamic search localization. As an example if we take the human visual perception, we the humans always have the tendency to focus on specific objects in pattern, that too we can do it with changing the focus from object to object. The computational model also does the same as the human does it, where the heart of this memory has a novel bi-model representation of pattern and a hologram like complex spherical weight state space.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 26 August, 2009 - 21:56
It is an optical disc technology in the infant state of research, that utilizes the revolutionary collinear holography technique that has one red laser and one blue-green laser collimated into a single beam. The data that is programmed as laser interference fringes from a holographic layer at the top of the disc is read by the blue-green laser where as the servo information from the common CD style aluminum layer near the bottom is read by the red laser, which is used as the reference beam. This disc capable of storing 3.9 terabytes of data also has a dichroic mirror layer between the holographic data and servo data, that can reflect the blue-green laser while allowing the red laser to pass through. This feature has enhanced the performance of this storage media compared to the past holographic storage media where there was lot of interferences due to both the laser passing through also lacked in its compatibility to the current CD and DVD technology.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 26 August, 2009 - 21:56
For the past six years, Digital Light Processing technology from Texas Instruments has made significant inroads in the projection display market. With products enabling the world’s smallest data and video projectors, HDTV’s, and digital cinema, DLP technology is extremely powerful and flexible. With success of the DMD as a spatial light modulator for projector applications, dozens of new applications are now being enabled by general- use DMD products that are recently available to developers. The same light switching speed and “on-off” (contrast) ratio that have resulted in superior projector performance, along with the capability of operation outside the visible spectrum, make the DMD very attractive for many applications, including volumetric display, holographic data storage, lithography, scientific instrumentation, and medical imaging.Read more..
Submitted by Sajeev on 26 August, 2009 - 21:50
Steganography is the art and science of hiding information in ways that prevent its detection. Though steganography is an ancient craft, the onset of computer technology has given it new life. Computer-based steganographic techniques introduce changes to digital covers to embed information foreign to the native covers.Digital steganography involves the hiding of data inside a sound or image file.Steganography works by replacing bits of useless or unused data in regular computer files such as graphics, sound, text, HTML, or even floppy disks with bits of different, invisible information. Steganography strips less important information from digital content and injects hidden data in its place. This is done over the spectrum of the entire image. Computer-based steganographic techniques introduce changes to digital covers to embed information foreign to the native covers. This hidden information can be plain text, cipher text or even images. The hidden information may be communicated in the form of text, binary files, or cipher text.Read more..
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